Gum swelling is often overlooked but serves as one of the first warnings that your oral health may be deteriorating. Characterized by puffiness, redness, pain, and bleeding, this condition usually stems from simple factors yet can also herald serious gum disease.
The Most Common Causes of Gum Swelling
Gum swelling can develop from multiple factors. The most frequently encountered causes are:
- Inadequate Oral Hygiene
Failing to brush twice a day and neglecting dental floss leads to plaque buildup. Over time, this plaque irritates the gums and causes inflammation. - Tartar (Calculus) Buildup
Tartar consists of hardened plaque that brushing alone cannot remove. It exerts pressure on the gums, leading to swelling and sensitivity. This is especially common in people who skip regular tartar cleanings. - Gingivitis (Gum Inflammation)
Gingivitis is the most common pathological cause of gum swelling. It may be painless in its early stages, but if left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. - Hormonal Changes
Fluctuating hormone levels during pregnancy, puberty, and menopause can make gums more sensitive and prone to swelling. - Nutritional Deficiencies
A deficiency in vitamin C directly affects gum health. Conditions like scurvy first manifest as gum swelling and bleeding. - Gum Injuries
Aggressive brushing, improper flossing technique, or eating hard or sharp foods can physically irritate the gums and trigger swelling. - Drug Side Effects
Certain blood pressure medications, immunosuppressants, and anticonvulsants can cause gum overgrowth. This usually develops slowly and, if left unchecked, can become permanent.
When Should You See a Dentist?
If swelling does not subside within a few days—or if it’s accompanied by pain, persistent bad breath, or bleeding—you should schedule a dental appointment. Early intervention helps prevent tooth loss and shortens the treatment process.
How to Prevent Gum Swelling
- Brush your teeth at least twice a day.
- Use dental floss and an antiseptic mouthwash.
- Visit your dentist every six months.
- Include connective-tissue–strengthening nutrients in your diet, such as vitamin C.
Megadentist expert team is by your side to help protect your gum health and provide professional support.
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